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September 20, 2006

Don't worry, we're fine!

You just can't beat CNN broadcasting burning cars and angry rioters down the street from your flat if you want old friends to get in touch. Thanks, everyone, for writing and calling. Fortunately, there's nothing particularly to report. The truth is, Speak Truth to Power '06 in Budapest was apparently about 150 ultrarightwing nationalists who took the opportunity to disrupt a legitimate and peaceful citizens' demonstration in front of the Parliament building. Yes, people here are really, really mad to hear Prime Minister Gyurcsany remind his party activists that they've been lying through their teeth (''morning, noon, and night"!) to get re-elected. What perhaps did not come across in the international media, however, is that no one is particularly surprised to hear that. It's just that you're not supposed to say it out loud, duh. My impression from talking to Hungarian friends is that people are more offended by Gyurcsany's language: not that saying "fucking" in Magyar is a particularly big deal (Hungarians are famously colorful in their cursing), but the point is that Gyurcsany used the word not in conjunction with his opponents or the bad EU or whatever, but about Szép Magyarország (Beautiful Hungary) itself. Hence, I'm assuming, the psychotic reaction of the ultranationalists. For a little background, thse are the guys who are still seriously plotting how they're going to get back Transylvania (owned by Romania since the Treaty of Trianon, 1920), as well as formerly Austro-Hungarian slices of Slovakia, Slovenia, Serbia, Croatia, and Ukraine. The movement, known as "Greater Hungary", breaks bread with the anti-Semites, the anti-Roma, the anti-foreigners, and the skinheads. Nice.

So yes, it was a surprise to see the Hungarian police in riot gear a couple of blocks from Chez Haven-D'Amato, but it all seems to have calmed down quickly, and we're fine. Hungary, on the other hand, is feeling a little bruised, and it will be worth following the story in the coming weeks to see how the government faces up to the fact that they've just announced their own untrustworthyness while facing an economic meltdown which is going to require voter backing to solve. And apart from the rioters who stole the media limelight, they've also got a lot of legitimately angry Hungarians concerned about what seems like an increasingly unstable future. So cross your fingers for us, but for different reasons than you might have thought.

September 16, 2006

Day 2 at the Digital Citizen Indaba

Actually, I missed most of the second day's sessions, which is a shame. I'm now sitting in the lobby of the Africa Media Matrix building at Rhodes University where the conference has taken place, sucking up the last few minutes of connectivity I'm likely to find until sometime on Sunday.

Very funny: I've been sitting here by myself for the past hour or so, and nearly everyone walking by has called out to me on their way to the stairs: "You 'blogging'?", followed by a laugh. (The tone of voice used to pose this question implies that there are quote marks around the word "blogging"). For some reason, I find it embarrassing to admit that I *am*, in fact, blogging...a sure sign that in my secret heart, janethaven.com is more related to self-gratification than anything more noble. Anyway, it seems that our two days of blog-talk have imprinted on the group pretty firmly. If it's Tuesday, it must be Harare; if you're using a computer, you must be blogging.

So, here are a few quick vignettes from the brief part of the morning that I did manage to attend:

Tom Johnson from the Institute for Analytic Journalism told us, "I'm mad as hell. Are WE going to take it?" as he raged against the cruelties of systems administrators who operate on the "when in doubt, lock 'em out" theory. (He's also mad about Microsoft Powerpoint, incidentally: "Microsoft: may it rot in hell. Things were fine with Office 2000.")

Tom advances a great metaphor that I intend to borrow whenever possible. He argues that system administrators should act like librarians: let everyone in and protect the data, rather than keeping everyone out and protecting the network. I absolutely agree him...but only when we're talking about the world of nearly-unlimited bandwidth that both Tom and I are lucky enough to operate in most of the time. Given the crowd and the location, I'm not sure how fair it is to agitate for the punishment of systems administrators.

My problem with his presentation is that he seems to be assuming unlimited resources and plenty of bandwidth. Tom says nothing about the larger issues around access that plague much of Africa. In most of the continent, system administrators are charged with incredible feats of resource distribution, and are, in my opinion, truly heroic. Earlier this year in Uganda, I met a university network administrator from Zimbabwe running the entire institution on a 1 MB satellite link. The conjuring tricks she required to pull off on a daily basis to keep the library connected to the outside world were amazing, and yes, they absolutely included limited bandwidth and reduced access to data that everyone wanted. Closer to home, even though we all complained about the connectivity issues here at Rhodes, I give them kudos for having a functional wireless network up and running for Highway Africa and the Digital Citizens' Indaba: a year ago, such a network would have been illegal in South Africa. They've learned fast.

Tom is speaking on a panel somewhat obscurely called "WeMedia", which has already been rechristened "Grumpy White Guys". The grumpiness has mostly had to do with the blogging v. journalism debate, which seems to be inevitable at these types of meetings. And useful, I might add. Blogging (or citizen media, more broadly) is a concept that people need to come to terms with on an individual basis, and I think part of that coming-to-terms is understandably going to include an examination of what journalism means, and what the dangers and joys of an army of self-publishing citizen reporters mean in that context.

I've been interested to see that twice at this conference the specter of Rwanda has been raised when people seek to articulate fears about what it could mean for broader citizenry to have access to tools that amplify individual voices. In the United States and western Europe, I don't think we yet have a truly compelling negative example of mob journalism. Every African, however, knows that the Rwandan genocide was carried out with the voices from Radio Milles Collines in the background, urging on the slaughter of neighbors and friends who fell into the wrong tribe. My friend Ethan Zuckerman pointed out to me in conversatoin that Milles Collines wasn't a community radio station (instead, it's state-owned), but I think that the point made by those at the conference can't be ignored. I obviously don't think that means that citizen journalism and information access should be stifled to prevent genocide, but it's a useful reminder that the fears some express over citizen media are not unfounded.

On the next panel, "Activism", Ory Okolloh who writes the wonderful blog Kenyan Pundit, talks about her project Mzalendo. Mzalendo means "patriot" in Kiswahili, and indeed, the project is a patriotic effort by Ory and her anonymous partner "M" to use bloggers to document the proceedings of the Kenyan parliament (a project that the Open Society Institute Information Program, my employer, has helped to support in a very small way). Ethan has blogged this session in detail over at "My Heart's in Accra", so I'll just underscore one point that Ory made which I thought was lovely.

Ory talks about blogging as "micro-activism"; she acknolwedges that blogging alone is probably not going to bring down Mugabe or solve global poverty or bring social justice and equality to Africa. What is does do, she says, is allow the freedom to act and express individually without needing to start an organization or get a bunch of like-minded people in one room together. Ory argues that micro-activism can counteract political laziness, or as Ory puts it, "whining"; she says that young Kenyans complain about their situation but do little to change it, and points to blogging as a small but impactful way to react.

Take a look at Mzalendo -- it's impressive. And it's built entirely on WordPress, the open source blogging tool loved by thousands of bloggers. Ory's been encouraging people throughout the conference not to think of blogging tools as "just for blogging"; rather, Ory says, they are the starting point in a range of possibilities. And as she takes us through the different uses she and her partner have put WordPress to in the service of Mzalendo, I see that she means this quite literally. WordPress has turned into a multi-service platform that blogs, supports an MP database with query function, tracks bills going through the parliament, etc. And as Ory points out, so far the costs incurred by Mzalendo are only hosting and the (not insignificant) time devoted by her and her partner.

And by the way, it would be great to know what other activist uses WordPress has been put to. Anyone have a list? (Matt?)

That was pretty much it for me at the DCI. But more on proceedings over at Ethan's blog, and at the general conference blog. And thanks to Colin Daniels and the rest of the DCI team for pulling it together. I'm going home.


September 14, 2006

Vignettes from the Digital Citizen's Indaba in Grahamstown, South Africa

It's been a long summer break on janethaven.com, but I'm hoping that the fall will bring me to back to writing more regularly.

I'm at the Digital Citizen's Indaba at Rhodes University in Grahamstown, South Africa. The connectivity is tragic-ish (i.e., there is connectivity, but not in the auditorium, and outside the auditoium it's slow wireless -- we're not allowed on university cables, bless them, and it turns out that the student population of Grahamstown has not yet demanded wifi service from their cafes and restaurants.) Rather than covering sessions blow by blow - impossible, since I lost two of them to meetings - I'm putting up a series of short vignettes that caught my attention today.

My friend Ethan Zuckerman is giving the keynote talk on citizen's media, and I'm contemplating the range of
read/write web roll-your-own news sources that have emerged over the past two years. OhMyNews, Wikinews, Digg, and Jay Rosen's NetAssignment, each of which use a different model to get their news online -- although they all rely in one way or another on "citizen journalists" to recommend or write the news. There's a temptation to sit back and see who wins in this frenzy of media model creation, but in listening to Ethan talk, it occurs to me that each model has a different strength which shines by situation. In a crisis where one is looking for immediate news, Wikinews is probably a better bet than OhMyNews. OhMyNews in English may be the place we turn to for somewhat niche topics that we know will be covered by a passionate writer covering an issue area tempered by good editing. Perhaps what we'll see evolve is an environment in which people learn the different options over time, and use citizen media/news sources based not on loyalty to a single version (like "I heart Digg") but based on situation ("If it's Hurricane Katrina, I'm at Wikinews.")

A (rough) quote from a presentation on the "Editors" panel: "The stuff is not important; it's what you think about the stuff. (Lanham) " No wonder non-bloggers think blogging is all about digital narcissism. Enough about me; what do you think about me?

Juanita Williams from the Independent Online talks about an interesting problem, the issue of corporate or company blogging -- how do you balance affiliations with personal opinion? It made me wonder how many of my colleagues and work friends who keep blogs on their professional activities and opinions maintain a private blog anonymously or on a closed system like Live Journal. This is something I've considered -- or at least when I intended to write this blog only on professional topics. Unfortunately (or fortunately), I tend to get sidetracked into other things, but were I more prolific, I'd probably want to be more focused and start a separate blog for friends and family. Of course, the real issue is that in the online world, your affiliations follow your persona whether you distance yourself or not. Despite the fact that this blog is not written under the auspices of the Open Society Institute, my employer, the undeniable persistance of data means that I wouldn't write something here that I didn't intend my colleagues to see.

This is funny. A closing comment from Ray Hartley of the Sunday Times on the "Editors" panel: "We don't want to allow what the Americans have allowed" which usually means "invade Iraq" or "international intimidation" or "dissing the UN".... but he meant "let media attention slip away from print news to the internet." (This was in conjunction with a slide showing media attention in the US, er, slipping away from print media to the internet). I'm confused: what's the plan to prevent that? To me, it seems to have a quality of historical inevitability to it, like the dictatorship of the proletariate. Anyway, perhaps we now know who's behind all the bad, expensive connectivity in South Africa: the newspapers! (Perhaps I misunderstood Ray's comment?)

Mike Stopforth: love him! He's talking right now about Web 2.0 tools, but unusually, he's not a techie at all. So he's explaining these tools entirely from a user perspective, addresssing how he avoids being overwhelmed by the world of online information. Which I think is incredibly important, because once you start telling people that they should not just read the New York Times, but also follow the African blogosphere, you have to make sure they have the tools to do that. My feeling is that web 2.0 tools for information navigation are still in a very early phase -- in some ways, I wish I could check out and come back in five years to see what all the smart people have come up with -- but they're still very useful. Back to Mike Stopforth: did I mention his presentation? He's now emphasizing the element of play and experimentation in web 2.0 tools, and how it doesn't matter if you don't understand off the bat how to use them...they're designed to be fiddled with. I think this is a great approach, and I'm delighted to see it being articulated so skillfully. Thanks, Mike.

Question at the end of the web 2.0 panel from Ray Hartley (this time intentionally hilarious): "Regarding the ever-quickening pace, what's next? What about web 3.0? I mean, it's been a year and a half."

Anriette Esterhausen from the Association for Progressive Communications speaking in the Civil Society panel on the need for a "personal relationship with technology" before it can be integrated inventively --or even usefully -- into civil society work. Like Mark Stopworth, Anriette encourages NGO directors to support play with the new technologies and the advent of a necessary level of comfort. After this panel, Anriette told me an amusing story about introducing email to South African organizations in the early 90's, and the tendency of these groups to insist they only wanted one email address for the whole organization. "If they have their own personal email address, they used it," Anriette said, "If it's a group email, they really didn't." A lesson which can, I think, be applied to all sorts of newfangled web 2.0 tools as well.